Convergence Theory of Refer Pain and Dry Needling Effect
It is evident that muscle pain deriving from any type of lesion can refer pain to other deep somatic tissues, yet not just locally. The convergence theory as depicted from animal experimental study of Mense 1994 explains the pain referral sequence. Central sensitization to adjacent spinal segments is present due to nociceptive input from skeletal muscle and myotomes outside the lesion.